(5 Days)
Business Context:
With the presence of new data acquisition techniques, new processing methods have to be developed. In addition to the conventional P-waves also S-waves will be investigated and in addition to traveltimes, for velocity and structural determination, also phase and amplitudes, for lithology and/or direct hydrocarbon indication, will be investigated. Anisotropy, where present, should be taken into acount. In seismic inversion the availability of geological data and well data should be properly integrated to initialize and constrain the results. This course deals with advanced processing methods that are often carried out as part of a special study. The topics that will be discussed cover a wide spectrum and are representative for what has become feasible nowadays.
Who should attend:
Geophysicists processing and interpretation- who are actively involved in advanced or special seismic processing, e.g. as a member of a multi-disciplinary team.
Content of the program:
The following topics will be discussed:
- Stress-strain relationships, elastic constants and relationships between elastic constants
- Rock physics, the Gassmann equation for fluid substitution and (Vp,Vs)- relationships
- The wave equation: acoustic and elastic
- The boundary conditions
- Wavefield extrapolation algorithms
- Migration, time migration, depth migration, true-amplitude migration: theory and algorithms
- DMO (dip moveout) and PSI (pre-stack imaging): theory and algorithms
- Velocity model building and updating: theory and algorithms
- Multi-component seismic, shear seismic and anisotropy: acquisition and processing
- OBC (ocean bottom cable) and OBS (ocean bottom system) acquisition and processing
- Anisotropy: theory, applications and processing
- AVO (amplitude versus offset) and AVA (amplitude versus angle): theory and processing
- Inversion: overview of different methods
- Seismic-to-well matching and the generation of acoustic impedance sections
- Seismic inversion: elastic and lithologic; deterministic and stochastic
- 4D or time-lapse seismic: feasibility, requirements and processing
- The generation and application of seismic attributes
- Design and assessment of different acquisition geometries
- VSP and hole-to-hole seismic: acquisition and processing
Learning, methods and tools:
At the end of the course the participants will have a working understanding of a representative set of special processing methods, which he may carry out himself or supervise. He or she is fully capable to account for the geophysical input in multi-disciplinary teams. This course includes theory and exercises; a handout that covers all course material will be made available.
About the trainer
Piet Gerritsma (1942) graduated in physics at the University of Groningen. He joined Shell in 1969 as a research geophysicist in Rijswijk (The Netherlands) and Houston (USA). He was actively involved in the development of programs for statics, velocity analysis, synthetic seismograms and raytracing, deconvolution, multi-component seismic, shear waves and anisotropy, AVO and migration. He acquired operational experience as processing and special studies geophysicist in Brunei and in Canada. He was Shell's representative in international research consortia: SEP (Stanford), DELPHI (Delft University of Technology) and IFP (Institut Francais du Petrole); he also served as associate editor of Geophysical Prospecting on Migration, Modelling and Inversion. During his Shell career he has always lectured at both basic as well as advanced level covering a broad range of topics. He left Shell in 1999 after 30 years of service.
Since that time he is a lecturer at CTG (Center for Technical Geoscience) at the Delft University of Technology. He is represented with two courses in the educational program of the EAGE. He teaches regularly courses for national and international oil companies and service companies both as an independent teacher as well as on behalf of geoscience training alliances.
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